Using techniques such as marginal structural models and inverse probability weighting would also enable appropriate adjustment for time-updated confounders lying on the causal pathway [75]. The Neural Bases of emotion and Emotion Regulation: A Valuation Perspective, Kevin N. Ochsner and James J. Tyagi A, Cohen M. Yoga and hypertension: A systematic review. If PPWB indeed reliably influences the risk of developing hypertension, then subsequent research should directly test whether a key mechanism is by improving lifestyle. Handbook of emotion regulation. Given the preliminary findings, additional work on protective psychological factors is justified [52], particularly since PPWB is strongly linked to other aspects of cardiovascular health [32,52]. Sadness, hopelessness, and lack of interest/pleasure are examples of depressive symptoms, which can reach the threshold of a major depression if they persist for at least two weeks and impair functioning [42]. doi:10.1097/01.jgp.0000235702.77245.46. 2008;36(5):553–68. Richman LS, et al. Suls J. Often, we are unable to control things that happen in life, but we can learn to control the way we respond to them. Free Will and Epistemology: a Defence of the Transcendental Argument for Freedom. I chart the relational approach to emotion, challenging the "two-step" model of emotion regulation. In D. K. Snyder, J. Simpson, & J. N. Hughes (Eds. Psychol Sci. Baer RA, Carmody J, Hunsinger M. Weekly change in mindfulness and perceived stress in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Affective disturbance and psychopathology: an emotion regulation perspective. Jazaieri H, Urry HL, Gross JJ. James J. Eur Psychiatry. Moreover, recent research has also considered protective psychological factors, contributing to a more comprehensive insight. Biological Bases -- 2. Though inconsistent with previous findings, this may be due to the limited power (ncases=16) or to the heterogeneity of mood disorders category, which unlike other studies included bipolar disorder. Cognition and Emotion, 13, 551–573. J Anxiety Disord. PubMed  The .gov means it’s official. In Handbook of emotion regulation. John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. Proc Natl Acad Sci 110(36):E3435–E3444, Gross JJ (2014) Emotion regulation: Conceptual and empirical foundations. Marginal structural models to estimate the causal effect of zidovudine on the survival of HIV-positive men. Within the last three years, only one longitudinal study has specifically examined PPWB and onset of hypertension [54]. Randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for social phobia: outcomes and moderators. Bacon SL, et al. 2013). For example, cognitive therapy [76] could improve individuals’ ability to engage in cognitive reappraisal. Clin Psychol Sci Pract. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1. Notwithstanding, a quantitative review of 15 prospective studies published between 1972 and 2000 demonstrated that, compared to individuals reporting few psychological symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression and anger), those with high levels had an 8% higher risk of hypertension, with a stronger association among black compared to white participants [3]. However, enthusiasm for this topic continues to outstrip conceptual clarity, and there remains considerable uncertainty as to what is even meant by "emotion regulation." Article  Emotions can also alter behaviors, subsequently altering risk of hypertension. Emotion Regulation: Conceptual and Empirical Foundations 来自 mendeley.com 喜欢 0 阅读量： 634 作者： Gross 摘要： Reviewing the state of the science in a dynamic, thriving field, this influential handbook integrates knowledge from multiple psychological subdisciplines. Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition affecting one out of three American adults and explaining 41.5% of mortality rates [1]. In-text: (Gross, 2014) Your Bibliography: Gross, J., 2014. The Cultural Regulation of Emotions, Batja Mesquita, Jozefien de Leersnyder, and Dustin Albert, VI. To learn how to manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. For instance, in one study following 1,638 individuals over 25 years, a trained nurse obtained two measures of resting BP and data about medication usage at four time points, where participants also completed measures of state anxiety and depression symptoms [41]. 2012;121(1):276–81. Adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies: interactive effects during CBT for social anxiety disorder. J Exp Psychopathol. Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Dysregulation of emotions is a risk for social anxiety symptoms, whereas dispositional mindfulness has been proposed as assisting with emotion regulation. The aim of the current study was to examine the unique associations of dysregulation and mindfulness with adolescents' social anxiety, while focusing on the conceptual overlap and the empirical connection between dysregulation and mindfulness. Hamer M, Steptoe A. Cortisol responses to mental stress and incident hypertension in healthy men and women. Terracciano A, et al. FOIA Google Scholar. J Music Ther 50:198–242, Nan J, Ho RTH (2017) Effects of clay art therpay on adults outpatients with major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Gross JJ, Thompson RA. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. Appleton AA, Kubzansky LD. Cohen BE, Edmondson D, Kronish IM. Goldin PR, Manber T, Hakimi S, Canli T, Gross JJ. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2003;34(3):331–50. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Self-report questionnaires, either assessing state or trait emotion-related constructs, cover a wide range of symptoms severity and require less time to complete. government site. Gross--the worldwide leader in the study of emotion regulation--has done a masterful job of pulling together the best and newest work in this area. Abstract One of the fastest growing areas within psychology is the field of emotion regulation. sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal Not self-focused attention but negative beliefs affect poor social performance in social anxiety: an investigation of pathways in the social anxiety–social rejection relationship. your institution, Anxiety Disorders (A Pelissolo, Section Editor). Markovitz JH, Jonas BS, Davidson K. Psychologic factors as precursors to hypertension. ), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. Aldao A. Hooria Jazaieri, Amanda S. Morrison, Philippe R. Goldin, and James J. An official website of the United States government. Emotion Regulation Choice: Theory and Findings, Gal Sheppes, 9. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Gross (Ed. Considering other psychosocial (e.g., job stress, social support/isolation) will likely be useful. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. American psychologist 55(1):110, Sato S, Yeh TL (2013) Challenges in treating patients with major depressive disorder: the impact of biological and social factors. Thurston RC, Rewak M, Kubzansky LD. Kitayama S, et al. How to handle anxiety: The effects of reappraisal, acceptance, and suppression strategies on anxious arousal. Due to space constraints, other relevant psychosocial factors such as discrimination and social support/isolation [2,5,6,9,10] were not considered. Kop WJ. Kessler RC, et al. Neuropsychologia 50:1211–1221, Laukka P (2007) Uses of music and psychological well-being among the elderly. 2004;109(s420):38–46. Google Scholar. Baer RA. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185631. doi:10.1891/jcop.20.1.33. doi:10.1017/S0033291714000567. Emotion Elicits the Social Sharing of Emotion: Theory and Empirical Review. Psychol Sci. Voncken MJ, Dijk C, de Jong PJ, Roelofs J. 2011;49(4):281–8. Boehm JK, Kubzansky LD. Specifying the self for cognitive neuroscience. Participants were 6,384 healthy middle-aged British adults, who completed self-reported measures on optimism and emotional vitality. Attitudes, Evaluation, and Emotion Regulation, Christopher R. Jones, Tabitha Kirkland, and William A. Cunningham, 17. In: Psychodynamic psychotherapy research. PubMed  Hu T, et al. Emotion Regulation in Adolescence, Michaela Riediger and Kathrin Klipker, 13. The Guilford Press. A Cognitive–Intuitionist Model of Moral Judgment. In J. J. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2014.940781. Work-Family Conflict in Nursing: The Role of Work Schedules, Familial Antecedents and Emotional Regulation, AUTHORS: doi:10.1037/a0023598. Gross, J. J. New York: Guilford; 1987. These authors make reference to the Gross' Process Model of Emotion Regulation, which proposes that human beings manage feelings (in a range of ways, from . Clin Psychol Sci Pract. Gross. Papers of particular interest, published since 2012, have been highlighted as: National Library of Medicine Part of Springer Nature. Emotion in psychotherapy: affect, cognition, and the process of change. Gross -- 3. The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. 2014;56(5):7–15. New York: Guilford. Leventhal AM, Zvolensky MJ. Finally, we provide thoughts on future research directions. In most models, the aim of teaching ER strategies is to help people feel better; gain more control over their feelings; get better at reducing, avoiding or escaping painful feelings; get better at replacing those unpleasant emotions with ones that feel good. Finally, given that both positive and negative emotion-related factors are related to BP, a higher order process - such as how psychological experience is cognitively or behaviorally managed - may be at play. Anger and the heart: Perspectives on cardiac risk, mechanisms and interventions. 2010;78(2):169–83. Life satisfaction, positive affect, purpose in life, optimism and emotional vitality (i.e., an active engagement with the world and sense of enthusiasm) are amongst the most studied indicators of PPWB [32,51,52]. 2014;27(3):288–302. Emotion regulation: Conceptual and empirical foundations. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Button K, Lewis G, Penton-Voak I, Munafò M. Social anxiety is associated with general but not specific biases in emotion recognition. Br J Educ Psychol 70(2):255–272, Panksepp J, Watt D (2011) Why does depression hurt? Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Editorial: Methods and applications in emotion science Emotion regulation and mindfulness in adolescents: Conceptual and ... Koole, S. L. (2009). Because a discussion of emotion regulation presupposes an understanding of what emotion is, in the first section I present the modal model of emotion and relate emotion to other affective processes. doi:10.4088/JCP.v66n1102. American Psychological Association. JAMA Psychiatry. In: Gross JJ, editor. The prevalence of hypertension rises quickly with age, from around 40% among individuals aged 40-59 years to 70% among those aged 60-79 years [1]. 1998;74(1):224–37. ), Handbook of emotion regulation (2nd ed., pp. Dysregulated blood pressure: Can regulating emotions help? Am J Geriatr Psychiatr. Emot Rev. Part IX: Health Implications. doi:10.1037/a0018441. In J. J. Decentring Emotion Regulation: From Emotion Regulation to Relational ... Google Scholar. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00573-7. J Consult Clin Psychol. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2007.04.011. Tobon JI, Ouimet AJ, Dozois DJ. By continuing to use the website, you consent to our use of cookies. Aldao A, Nolen-Hoeksema S. When are adaptive strategies most predictive of psychopathology? The first edition of this handbook defined a major field of study, and the second edition is even better. New York: Guilford. Indeed, health behaviors could either be confounders or mediators of the associations of interest, although both possibilities have not been tested separately. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00295. Taking one's lumps while doing the splits: A big tent perspective on emotion generation and emotion regulation. Sex and age differences in the relation of depressive symptoms with blood pressure. Similarly, among 10,302 adults, increasing depressive symptoms were associated with lower hypertension odds among younger (35-39 years) but with higher odds among older participants (≥40 years) [56]. Klumpp H, Fitzgerald D, Angstadt M, Post D, Phan K. Neural response during attentional control and emotion processing predicts improvement after cognitive behavioral therapy in generalized social anxiety disorder. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.07.005. J Anxiety Disord. Steptoe A, Deaton A, Stone AA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6439-6_102024-1, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6439-6_102024-1, eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in 2008;22(4):716–21. Biological Bases. Clin Psychol Psychother. Attentional bias in anxiety disorders following cognitive behavioral treatment. 2014;1–13. Morrison AS, Heimberg RG. This study investigated, Shopping is an integral part of our everyday lives. doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(04)80036-4. The Neural Bases of emotion and Emotion Regulation: A Valuation Perspective, Kevin N. Ochsner and James J. Correspondence to Gross, 3. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 389–394. Correspondence and reprint requests to: Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, Ph.D., Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. J Clin Psychol. Aldao, A., Sheppes, G., & Gross, J. J. These retrospective results from the World Mental Health Surveys (WMSH) showed that various anxiety disorders were associated with a 10-30% higher odds of incident hypertension, after adjusting for confounders including psychiatric comorbidities [37]. For instance, neutral, negative and positive pictures were shown to 53 normotensive men, who used cognitive reappraisal strategies to control their feelings about the pictures [61]. KN Ochsner, RD Ray, JC Cooper, ER Robertson, S Chopra, JDE Gabrieli, ... Clinical psychology: Science and practice 2 (2), 151, Journal of personality and social psychology 79 (3), 410, Current directions in psychological science 10 (6), 214-219, EA Butler, B Egloff, FH Wlhelm, NC Smith, EA Erickson, JJ Gross, New articles related to this author's research. Since the meta-analysis, the study using data from the WMSH (described above) also found an association between depression status and incident hypertension [37]. Emotion regulation exerts a key role in the encoding and retrieval of autobiographical memories, as well as the process of storytelling. Schmidt NB, Richey JA, Buckner JD, Timpano KR. Robins JM, Hernan MA, Brumback B. Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. The epidemiology of social anxiety disorder in the United States: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. 2008;46(10):1119–25. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2002;51(1):101–8. Although meditation techniques [78-81] and yoga [82,83] seem effective in lowering BP, there is risk of bias related to small samples, short follow-up periods and experimenter effect in pioneer studies [79-82]. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.06.004. Foundations 1. Part I: Foundations. Emotion regulation: conceptual and empirical ... (PDF) Emotion Regulation: Conceptual Foundations - ResearchGate This condition contributes to health disparities, being more prevalent in non-white than white individuals, and varies across gender and age groups [1]. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6439-6_102024-1, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9662-4, https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271, https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2014.940781, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2009.02.010, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00298.x, https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930802619031, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.3.410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.11.011. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Findings from a controlled study. For instance, among 1,036 normotensive adults aged 55-70 years, baseline mental vitality (similar to emotional vitality) was significantly associated with 46% lower odds of developing hypertension two years later in demographics-adjusted models [16]. Deficits in general emotion regulation skills have been shown to be associated with various mental disorders. Emotion Regulation: Conceptual Foundations. - APA PsycNet Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations - PhilPapers The social context of emotion regulation is explored, as are personality processes and individual differences. Davies SJ, et al. Kocovski NL, Fleming JE, Rector NA. Gross . Goldin PR, Ziv M, Jazaieri H, Gross JJ. By adulthood, individuals have developed attributes and cognitions (traits) that affect the frequency with which they experience particular emotional states (e.g., hostile individuals experience anger more frequently than less hostile counterparts). Dev Neurosci. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. Emotion Regulation. Behav Res Ther 51:46–56, Ziadni MS, Jasinski MJ, Labouvie-Vief G et al (2016) Alexithymia, defenses, and ego strength: cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships with psychological well-being and depression.